Autoimmune disease occurs when the body’s natural defense system is unable to tell the difference between its own cells and foreign cells, causing the body to mistake healthy cells as harmful threats and produces antibodies to fight them. This results in lots of unpleasant and debilitating symptoms that can have a major impact on day-to-day life. Here are some of the signs that you could potentially be suffering from autoimmune disease.

General Warning Signs of Autoimmune Disease

We all feel tired at times but with most autoimmune conditions, fatigue is a constant companion. Extreme tiredness is one of the most common signs of an autoimmune condition. This is more than just feeling a bit tired though; it’s the type of fatigue that feels like it’s set into your bones and doesn’t seem to improve, no matter how much sleep you get.

Muscular and joint pain is another symptom of many autoimmune conditions and can stem from inflammation. A burning feeling in the joints and sore muscles (that aren’t linked to exercise or overexertion) can be linked to this. If you have chronic muscular and joint pain or you experience it in random flares with no obvious pattern (you’ve not been overdoing the exercise, for example), it could potentially be another warning sign.

Always getting ill and struggling to shake illness off? Low immunity and always getting sick can be another warning sign of autoimmune disease. Common colds and viruses are the obvious one to think about, but this can also extend to yeast infections, sinus problems and Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs), for example. Typically, it will take longer to get better compared to someone who doesn’t have autoimmune disease.

Chronic digestive problems are another common symptom of autoimmune conditions and not just ones that affect the gut. Leaky Gut Syndrome is now thought to be the culprit behind a lot of autoimmune conditions and causes digestive problems. Diarrhea, constipation, bloating, gas and stomach cramps can be linked to this.

Brain fog and having difficulty concentrating can be a symptom of some autoimmune conditions.

Unexpected changes in your weight can also be a byproduct of autoimmune disease. Weight loss when you’re not dieting can be linked to celiac disease, Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and Grave’s Disease, to name a few of the autoimmune conditions that can be involved. Weight gain can be a factor in autoimmune disease as well and often goes hand in hand with fatigue.

Numbness and tingling in the hands and feet (and sometimes, elsewhere in the body) can be part of an immune response.

Noticed more hair coming out when you wash or brush it? Nutrition and hormone changes can be culprits, but hair loss can also sometimes be a sign of autoimmune disease. Alopecia areata is an obvious one given that it is characterized by hair loss, but other autoimmune conditions can result in hair loss too.

If you’re nodding “yes” to a lot of these issues, it’s worth speaking to your doctor about the possibility of autoimmune disease.

Warning Signs of Specific Autoimmune Conditions

Thyroid Problems

Thyroid problems are a fairly common autoimmune condition. The thyroid gland is involved in a lot of functions in the body, which is why it can affect your health in so many different ways.

Your thyroid gland can either be underactive and produce too little thyroid hormone (hypothyroidism) or it can be overactive and produce too much (hyperthyroidism).

Some of the signs of thyroid problems include:

• Unexplained weight gain as a result of a slower metabolism (hypothyroidism)
• Unexplained weight loss, often while having a very healthy appetite (hyperthyroidism)
• Muscle pain
• Chronic fatigue
• Bags under and around the eyes due to fluid build up
• High cholesterol, which can be linked to high levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) according to some studies, although this is less likely with minor hypothyroidism
• Depression (more likely with hypothyroidism)
• Anxiety and panic attacks (more likely with hyperthyroidism)
• Dry, brittle hair and nails (more likely with hypothyroidism)
• Constipation (more likely with hypothyroidism)
• Loose stools and IBS type symptoms (more likely with hyperthyroidism)
• A hoarse voice
• Heavy menstruation (more likely with hyperthyroidism)
• Very light menstruation or your menstrual cycle stops completely (more likely with hyperthyroidism)
• Swelling in the neck or feelings of fullness in the neck (can happen with both thyroid conditions)

Hashimoto’s

For people with Hashimoto’s, the body mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland. This can lead to symptoms of hypothyroidism, in which the thyroid gland becomes underactive and doesn’t produce enough thyroid hormone.

Some of the symptoms of Hashimoto’s can include:

• Weight gain
• Fatigue
• Muscle and joint pain
• Feeling the cold
• Constipation
• Hair loss and thinning hair
• Heavy and/or erratic menstrual periods
• Slow heart rate
• Depression

Lupus

Lupus symptoms can range from pretty mild to very debilitating, depending on how badly you’re affected. It’s not uncommon for symptoms to flare up and then die down again for a while, why is one reason why lupus can be difficult to diagnose in the early days.

Some of the signs of lupus can include:

• Swollen joints
• Fatigue
• Fever
• Breathing problems, including pain when you breathe in.
• Skin rashes, particularly a “butterfly” rash over the bridge of the nose and cheeks that may precede a flare up or appear after being out in the sun
• Hair loss
• Kidney problems and kidney inflammation
• Digestive and gastrointestinal problems
• Thyroid problems
• Dry mouth and eyes

Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia symptoms can often be dismissed as arthritis, but it’s now thought that the condition starts in the central nervous system, rather than the joints.

Some of the symptoms of fibromyalgia can include:

• Chronic pain
• Fatigue
• Sensitivity to touch and feeling pain when anything makes contact with your skin
• Brain fog
• Tingling and numbness
• Excessive sweating
• Changes in the way your muscles and joints work after moving between temperatures e.g., getting a stiff neck or headaches after going out into the cold from being in a warm room or vice versa
• Abdominal pain
• Digestive problems and/or changes in bowel habits

Sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis is a rare inflammatory disease in which the immune system overreacts, causing the growth of tiny collections of inflammatory cells called “granulomas” to form in different organs of the body. Sarcoidosis most commonly affects the lungs and lymph nodes, but it can also affect the eyes, skin, heart, and nervous system.

Anyone can develop sarcoidosis, but people of African and Scandinavian descent are more prone to develop this disease. Both women and men can develop sarcoidosis, but it is more common among women.

Sarcoidosis can manifest differently in each individual depending on the organ affected by the disease. Some of the signs of Sarcoidosis can include:

• Swollen lymph nodes in the chest, neck, chin, arm pits, or groin
• Fatigue
• Fever
• Flu-like symptoms, night sweats,
• Swollen joints
• Eye pain, blurred vision and light sensitivity
• Shortness of breath and chest pain
• Skin rashes made of small red or purple, itchy, painful bumps on the head, neck, or legs
• Masses of inflamed tissue
• Weight loss
• Chronic cough
• abnormal heartbeat or heart failure
• headaches, dizziness, mood swings
• Issues swallowing
• Drooping of the face

If you think that you might be experiencing some of the warning signs of an autoimmune condition, speak to your doctor. Common symptoms of autoimmune disease can cross over with a lot of other health problems so it’s super important to start getting a diagnosis of what the underlying problem(s) may be.

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